Morphosyntax Assignment
 |
Compiled
by :
GESSY TWI
PERMATASARI
10.1.01.08.0102
3B
English Department
Teacher Training and
Education Faculty
University of Nusantara
PGRI Kediri
2012
Exercise V
2. What are homophonemes? Use example !
Homophonemes are words that are spelled differently
and have different meanings, but they sound are same when spoken aloud.
Example :
· "jean"
and "gene"
· "patience" and "patients"
· "verses" and "versus"
4. Break up the following word into different morphemes and classify the morphemes !
1.
Butter = {butter}{free morpheme}
2.
Washer = {wash} {free morpheme} + {-er} {suffixes}
3.
Ex-official = {ex-} {prefixes} +
{office} {base} + {-al} {suffixes}
4.
Windshield wiper ={Windshield}{free morpheme}+{wipe{base}+{-er}{suffixes}
5.
Supersonic = {Supersonic} {bound base}
6.
Navigable = {navigate} {free morpheme} +
{-able} {suffixes}
7.
Advisor = {advice} {free morpheme} +
{-or} {suffixes}
8.
Ourselves = {our}{bound morpheme} + {self}{base} + {-es}{suffixes}
9.
Four-food waves = {four}{free morpheme} +
{food}{free morpheme} + {wave}{base} +
{-es}{suffixes}
10. Employees = {employee} {free morpheme} +
{-es} {suffixes}
5. Define and give example :
a. Stem
The form of a word before any inflectional affixes are added. "A stem may
consist of a single root, of two roots forming a compound stem, or of a root
(or stem) and one or more derivational affixes forming a derived stem.
Example:
·
perishable,
·
where perish is free,
·
with durable,
·
where dur is bound, or unkind,
·
where kind is free, with unbeknown,
·
where beknown is bound
b.
Prefix
A letter or group of letters attached to the beginning of a word
that partly indicates its meaning.
Example:
·
en- : enlarge
·
de- : derivations
·
dis- : disagree
c.
Suffix
Example:
·
derivational : * Inflectinal :
-ly
: quickly -es
: washes
-ness
: happiness -ed :
decided
-less
: hopeless -ing :
drinking
d.
Superfix
Linguistics a
suprasegmental feature distinguishing the meaning or grammatical function of
one word or phrase from that of another, as stress and pitch, or juncture superposed on the
segmental phonemes, as for indicating grammatical function
Example:
·
inʹsert, n., and in·sertʹ, v
·
between
the noun conduct and the verb conduc (from super- + -fix, on the model of prefix, suffix)
6. What is a morphemic word?
It is a meaningful linguistic
unit consisting of a word (such as dog) or a word element (such as the
-s at the end of dogs) that can't be divided into smaller
meaningful parts.
Example:
·
pre-board
·
"They want to put you in
a box, but nobody's in a box. You're not in a box."
Exercise VI
3.
What are the differences between derivations and inflectional suffixes ? Use example:
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Differences
between derivations and inflectional suffixes
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4.
How many kinds of inflectional suffixes are there in English? What are they?
There are eight kinds. They are :
a.
{-es1} ; the plural morpheme
b.
{-es2} ; the possessive
morpheme
c.
{-es3} ; the third
person-singular present-tense morpheme
d.
{-ed1} ; the past-tense
morpheme
e.
{-ed2} ; the past-participle
morpheme
f.
{-ing1} ; the present-participle
morpheme
g.
{-er} ; the comparative
morpheme
h.
{-est} ; the superlative
morpheme
Exercise VII
4.
Identify the derivations used in the following words!
a.
Exclusively {exclusive}{adjective} + {-ly}{suffixes} = Verb
b.
Astonishment {astonish}{adverb} + {-ment}{suffixes} = Noun
c.
Familiarity {familiar}{adjective} + {-ity}{suffixes} = Noun
d.
Manageability {manage}{adverb} + {-ability}{suffixes} = Adjective
e.
Dissatisfactory {dis-}{preffix} + {satisfactory}{adjective} = adjective
5.
Change the following root by using any possible
derivational affixes
:
a.
Attract · {-tion}= attraction · {-ive}= attractive
b.
Explain · {-ation}= explanation · {-ed}= explained
c.
Operate · {-ed} = operated · {-ing}=operating
· {-ion}= operation · {-or}= operator
d.
Propose · {-er}= proposer · {-ing}= proposing
· {-ition}= proposition · {-ed}= proposed
e.
Refuse · {-ed}= refused
· {-ing}= refusing
f.
Select · {-ion}= selection · {-ive}= selective
· {-ivity}= selectivity · {-ed} = selected
Exercise XI
4. What symbols are used for indicating the four types of
syntactic structures? Give an example of each!
a.
Structures of modification and this type of syntactic structure are
consist of two component parts or immediate constituents
Symbol: head
(H) and
modifier (M)
Example:
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b.
Structure of predication and this type of syntactic structure are
consist of two component parts or immediate constituents
Symbol: (IC);
Subject (S), and predicate (P)
Example:
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c.
Structure of complementation and this type consist of two immediate
constituents
Symbol: (IC):
Verbal, Element (V), and Complement (C)
Example:
|
d.
Structure of coordination and this type of two
or more syntactically equivalent units joined in a structure which functions as
a single unit.
Example :
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5. What is meant by a split structure ?
It
is entails that derivation and inflectional are distinct and belong to separate
components of the grammar.
Exercise XII
3. Put the following scramble words into sentence:
INCORRECT
· English of some considered optional be are
transformations to
· Is that says Jack beautiful Marry
CORRECT
· English are considered to be some of optional
transformations.
· Jack says that Marry is beautiful.
4. Mention three of the verb-forming affixes!
a.
Frighten
They feel frighten to enter this room.
b.
Disagree
She disagree with my opinion about this
university.
c.
Enrich
By studying English with movie, we can
enrich our vocabulary well.
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